kinetic molecular models of liquids and solids

KINETIC MOLECULAR MODELS OF LIQUIDS AND SOLIDS SERIES

The average kinetic energy of the gas molecules is directly proportional to the absolute temperature.With each other or with the walls of the container.Ĭollisions are perfectly elastic when two molecules collide, they change their directions and kinetic energies, but the total kinetic energy is conserved. This means that the molecules move in straight lines (see demo illustration at the left) until they collide The molecules are in constant random motion, and as material bodies, they obey Newton's laws of motion.

The molecules of an ideal gas exert no attractive forces on each other, or on the walls of the container. The volume occupied by the molecules of the gas is negligible compared to the volume of the gas itself.

A gas is composed of molecules that are separated by average distances that are much greater than the sizes of the molecules themselves.

The basic tenets of the kinetic-molecular theory are as follows: It is important that you know them!

KINETIC MOLECULAR MODELS OF LIQUIDS AND SOLIDS SERIES

The 'kinetic-molecular theory of gases' may sound rather imposing, but it is based on a series of easily-understood assumptions that, taken together, constitute a model that greatly simplifies our understanding of the gaseous state of matter.

The Basic Ideas of Kinetic-Molecular Theory This theory applies strictly only to a hypothetical substance known as an ideal gas we will see, however, that under manyĬonditions it describes the behavior of real gases at ordinary temperatures and pressures quite accurately, and serves as the starting point for dealing with more complicated states of matter. The outcome of this effort was the kinetic molecular theory of gases. Without reference to its underlying structure or molecular nature.īy the late 19 th century the atomic theory of matter was sufficiently well accepted that scientists began to relate these macroscopic properties to the behavior of the individual molecules, which are described by the microscopic properties of matter. Temperature on the other hand is a measure of the average heat or thermal energy of the molecules in a substance.The properties such as temperature, pressure, and volume, together with others dependent on them (density, thermal conductivity, etc.) are known as macroscopic properties of matter these are properties that can be observed in bulk matter, The heat of an object is the total energy of all the molecular motion inside that object. What represents the average kinetic energy of the molecules in a body of matter? Imagine a substance made up of 1 000 particles. When the particles in a substance have a higher average kinetic energy the substance has a higher temperature. Temperature measures the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance. Which is the term used for the measurement of the average kinetic energy of the particles of a substance group of answer choices? The zeroth law of thermodynamics says that no heat is transferred between two objects in thermal equilibrium therefore they are the same temperature. Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the atoms or molecules in the system. How hot something is is a measurement of the average KE of the atoms that make up that object True or false?

Kinetic molecular models of liquids and solids